c1875 BELGIUM King LEOPOLD & QUEEN - 2 CDV PORTRAITS by Hitmar Crone-Kjoebenhaon

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Seller: artsandsciences ✉️ (3,636) 100%, Location: Atlanta, Georgia, US, Ships to: US & many other countries, Item: 134378173335 c1875 BELGIUM King LEOPOLD & QUEEN - 2 CDV PORTRAITS by Hitmar Crone-Kjoebenhaon. CIRCA 1875 KING LEOPOLD II - & QUEEN MARIE HENRIETTE OF BELGIUM - TWO (2) CDV PORTRAITS BY HITMAR CRONE OF KJOEBENHAON - G REAT SE PIA  TONES RARE CDV IMAGES OF LEOPOLD II & QUEEN HENRIETTE  1.) LEOPOLD II     (French: Léopold Louis Philippe Marie Victor, Dutch: Leopold Lodewijk Filips Maria Victor; 9 April 1835 – 17 December 1909) was the second King of the Belgians from 1865 to 1909 and the self-made autocratic ruler of the Congo Free State from 1885 to 1908. Born in Brussels as the second but eldest-surviving son of Leopold I and Louise of Orléans, Leopold succeeded his father to the Belgian throne in 1865 and reigned for exactly 44 years until his death, the longest reign of a Belgian monarch to date. He died without surviving legitimate sons. The current Belgian king descends from his nephew and successor, Albert I. He is popularly referred to as the Builder King (Dutch: Koning-Bouwheer, French: Roi-Bâtisseur) in Belgium in reference to the great number of buildings, urban projects and public works he commissioned. Leopold was the founder and sole owner of the Congo Free State, a private project undertaken on his own behalf as a personal union with Belgium. He used Henry Morton Stanley to help him lay claim to the Congo, the present-day Democratic Republic of the Congo. At the Berlin Conference of 1884–1885, the colonial nations of Europe authorised his claim and committed the Congo Free State to him. Leopold ran the Congo by using the mercenary Force Publique for his personal gain. He extracted a fortune from the territory, initially by the collection of ivory and, after a rise in the price of natural rubber in the 1890s, by forced labour from the native population to harvest and process rubber. Leopold's administration of the Congo Free State was characterized by atrocities and systematic brutality, including forced labour, torture, murder, kidnapping, and the amputation of the hands of men, women, and children when the quota of rubber was not met. In 1890 and in one of the first uses of the term, George Washington Williams described the practices of Leopold's administration of the Congo Free State as "crimes against humanity".  These and other facts were established during Leopold's rule by eyewitness testimony, by on-site inspection from an international commission of inquiry, by the investigative journalism and activism of E. D. Morel, and by the 1904 Casement Report. While it has proven difficult to accurately estimate the pre-colonial population and the amount by which it changed under the Congo Free State, estimates for the Congolese population decline during Leopold's rule range from 1 million to 15 million. The causes of the decline included epidemic disease, acts of violence committed by the regime, severe famine caused by the regime’s actions, and a low birth rate during the worst of the Rubber Terror (in the period from 1896 to 1903. In 1908, the reports of deaths and abuse, along with pressure from the Congo Reform Association and other international groups, induced the Belgian Government to take over the administration of the Congo from Leopold during the penultimate year of his rule. The Congo Free State was thus reconstituted as a new territory, the Belgian Congo. 2.)   MARIE HENRIETTE ANNE : of Austria (23 August 1836 – 19 September 1902) was Queen of the Belgians as the wife of King Leopold II. The marriage was arranged against the will of both Marie Henriette and Leopold and became unhappy due to their dissimilarity, and after 1872 the couple lived separate lives, though they continued to appear together in public. Queen Marie Henriette was described as an energetic and intelligent horsewoman, foremost devoted to her animals. In 1895, she openly retired from public life and lived her last seven years in the city of Spa, where she became known as "The Queen of Spa". &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& SUPER RICH TONAL qualities  are found in each image, all which are  in fine condition, and on a  thick card stock  mount, blank on verso . T WO IMAGES FOR  SALE WITH GREAT  SUBECT MATTER.   MOUNTS EACH MEASURE 2 1/2" x 4"  IN SIZE . Images with very strong  SEPIA TONES.   Wear and any other aberrations consistent with age and use.  Please see all photos as they are part of the description.   *****************************************************************  AS SHOWN ABOVE.  Sold "AS-IS."   NO RETURNS. LUCKY BUYER PAYS $16.00 PRIORITY POST and HANDLING  W/ DELIVERY CONFIRMATION.   INSURANCE INCLUDED IN U.S.   Includes 12.9% EBAY /  PAYPAL SELLER"S SHIPPING SURCHARGE and 12,9% STATE  SALES TAX fee eBay has seller  pay.    WE DO NOT SHIP BY UPS as they rip open boxes  insured at $100 or more seeking to deny  shipments containing antiques. ALL SHIPMENTS NORMALLY MADE THROUGH USPS - BUT WE RESERVE THE RIGHT TO SEND BY FEDERAL EXPRESS GROUND INSURED. OVERSEAS SALES  SHIPPING ON THIS IS $45.00 with REGISTERED or  MINIMALLY  INSURED SIGNATURED  delivery for  easy foreign  Customs clearance.    GA STATE residents must pay 8% STATE SALES TAX.    GOOD LUCK!  WE COMBINE SHIPPING!
  • Condition: Used
  • Condition: See Description
  • Unit of Sale: Single Piece
  • Antique: Yes
  • Size: 2 1/2" x 4"
  • Custom Bundle: No
  • Image Color: Sepia
  • Region of Origin: Europe
  • Framing: Plastic Sleeve
  • Vintage: Yes
  • Listed By: Dealer or Reseller
  • Year of Production: 1875
  • Format: Carte de Visite (CDV)
  • Original/Reprint: Original Print
  • Finish: Glossy
  • Photo Type: Albumen Print
  • Image Orientation: Portrait
  • Signed: Yes
  • Color: Sepia
  • Original/Licensed Reprint: Original
  • Modified Item: No
  • Subject: ROYALTY
  • Type: Photograph
  • Photographer: HITMAR CRONE
  • Number of Photographs: 2
  • Theme: Portrait
  • Time Period Manufactured: 1850-1899
  • Country/Region of Manufacture: Germany
  • Production Technique: Albumen Print

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