Vintage Our Gang Autograph Jean Darling Little Rascals Photo Vintage Fantastic

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Seller: memorabilia111 ✉️ (807) 100%, Location: Ann Arbor, Michigan, US, Ships to: US & many other countries, Item: 176284773346 VINTAGE OUR GANG AUTOGRAPH JEAN DARLING LITTLE RASCALS PHOTO VINTAGE FANTASTIC. He "did our dances, and they were really foolish. It wasn't choreography; I don't know what it was. [1] With his boy-next-door good looks, he was often cast as a team captain or a cheerleader. Other movie musicals followed, ending in 1944 with What a Man! AUTOGRAPH 8 X 10 INCH PHOTO  HANDWRITTEN  BY OUR GANG JEAN DARLING
Profile Name: Scotty Beckett Nickname: None Played By: Scott Beckett Born: 1929 Relatives: Gus (uncle) Clubs: The International Silver String Submarine Band, Ancient And Honery Order Of Wood Chucks First Short: Hi'-Neighbor! Last Short: (as Scotty) The Lucky Corner Character Bio: Little Scotty Beckett with the crooked hat and big sweater was Spanky McFarland's original best friend. Unlike the later Alfalfa Switzer who sometimes pressed Spanky's buttons with the size of his ego and personality, the two of them were pals as they scrounged the neighborhood for the parts to build Wally's extra large fire engine, even if they got pushed aside in the building. However, Scotty did sometimes push Spanky's buttons with his occasional dumbness and clumsiness, such as when he accidentally slams a door in Spanky's face (twice) in The First Round-Up. These types of gags between Scotty and Spanky are clearly imitations of the type of gags Laurel and Hardy would do. Despite being the younger kids in the group early on, Spanky and Scotty turned out to be smarter than the bigger kids at times, as they revealed to the others that the fire engine was too big to get out of the barn in Hi'-Neighbor!. They also proved to be smart enough to bring food and supplies to their camping trip at Cherry Creek in The First Round-Up. Scotty lives with his parents and raises rabbits in a small shack on the property, as seen in Hi'-Neighbor!. He is constantly being reminded by his mother to clean his shoes in Sprucin' Up, but he also spends time with his Grandpa Gus who runs and operates a mobile lemonade stand in The Lucky Corner. In Shrimps For A Day, Scotty resides briefly at the Happy Home Orphanage as do many of the other kids. He attends the same church as Spanky, Alfalfa, Jerry and Leonard and Adams Street Grammar School with the other kids. On his own time, the gang has a musical band called The International Silver String Submarine Band which competes for a radio contest in Mike Fright, later razzing Spanky's forced solo act in Beginner's Luck. The band seems to be much more successful than their club, the Ancient And Honery Order Of Wood Chucks, which broke up after just one day in Anniversary Trouble. For exercise, Scotty enjoys football and hunts the beach looking for treasure in Mama's Little Pirate, even if Spanky dreamed up their bigger adventure with a giant pirate. He also chases the gang's pet mule, Algebra, through Wally's house in Honky Donkey, busting up the house once again in Washee Ironee. Scotty doesn't stay very long in Greenpoint, vanishing soon after Spanky's cellar revue in Our Gang Follies Of 1936, but Alfalfa's Cousin Wilbur, seen in Dog Daze, bears a striking resemblance to him. Quotes: "They'll never learn." - Scotty in For Pete's Sake Barkley: "Thank you, gigantically." Scotty: "It's a pleasure." (From Honky Donkey). "Maybe we ain't us?" - Scotty in Mike Fright Notes/Trivia Production-wise, Our Gang Follies Of 1936 was possibly filmed after The Lucky Corner, but since The Lucky Corner aired after the other, it's being listed as Scotty's last official short. here are few things more pathetic than the spectacle of a former child star trying to adjust to adulthood. Oh, of course, there are exceptions, but for every Jodie Foster who makes it there's a Jay North who vanishes into obscurity, or even worse. Do the names Todd Bridges, Dana Plato and Danny Bonaduce mean anything to you? Now almost forgotten, Scotty Beckett was one of the unlucky ones who didn't make it. Born in 1929, Beckett began his film career at the age of three, as one of "Our Gang" (the future Little Rascals). A cute, adorable toddler, Beckett became one of Hollywood's most popular child stars, appearing in many major motion pictures. He played the title character as a boy in the Oscar-winning Anthony Adverse (1936), the son of Greta Garbo and Charles Boyer in Conquest (1937), and the prince in Marie Antoinette (1938). His screen career continued into adolescence, but not long afterwards. His last major film role was the part of the teenaged Al Jolson in The Jolson Story (1946). Perhaps traumatized by his early success and unable to cope with his waning career, Scotty Beckett, like many child stars, ran afoul of the law. He racked up a startling rap sheet: drunk driving (1948), carrying a concealed weapon (1954), drug possession (1957), and, worst of all, assaulting his stepdaughter with a crutch (1960). In between his legal troubles, Beckett kept plugging away at his acting work. In 1953, he was desperate enough to accept the part of Winky, the bone-headed sidekick of the Rocky Jones, Space Ranger TV series. By this time, sadly, his youthful charm had declined into a Pauly Shore-like goofiness. Rocky Jones was to be the last steady assignment of Scotty Beckett's career. His acting days finally over, Scotty Beckett made his first suicide attempt in 1962. Recovering, he decided to move into another line of work as a car salesman. Unfortunately, Beckett was unable to escape his inner demons. In 1968, at the age of 38, Scotty Beckett took his own life with an overdose of sleeping pills. Knowing the sad facts of Scotty Beckett's life, those silly escapades of Rocky Jones' second banana take on a bitter note of poignancy. So, next time you see a Rocky Jones epic on MST 3K, or watch The Jolson Story, please ... shed a tear for Winky. Scott Hastings "Scotty" Beckett (October 4, 1929 – May 10, 1968) was an American actor. Beckett began his career as a child actor in the Our Gang shorts and later co-starred on Rocky Jones, Space Ranger. Contents  1 Early life and career 1.1 Our Gang 2 Career after Our Gang 3 Post-acting life 4 Personal life 5 Death 6 Filmography 6.1 Short subjects 6.2 Features 7 References 8 Further reading 9 External links Early life and career Born in Oakland, California, Beckett got his start in show business at age three when the family moved to Los Angeles and a casting director heard him singing by chance. Beckett was at Cedars of Lebanon Hospital visiting his father, who was recovering from an illness, and was entertaining him by singing songs in Pig Latin. Nurses heard him singing and carried him from room to room on every visit to sing for other patients. A studio casting director noticed the child and told his parents he had movie potential. Beckett auditioned, and landed a part in Gallant Lady (1933), alongside Dickie Moore. The same year, his father died. In 1934, Beckett joined Our Gang, in which Moore had appeared from 1932 to 1933. Our Gang Beckett appeared as a regular in the Our Gang short subjects series from 1934 to 1935. In the gang, Beckett played George "Spanky" McFarland's best friend and partner in mischief. His trademark look was a crooked baseball cap and an oversized sweater exposing one shoulder. His role was taken over by Carl "Alfalfa" Switzer in 1935, and Beckett left the series for features after that year. In 1939, he returned to Our Gang briefly as Alfalfa's cousin Wilbur in Cousin Wilbur and Dog Daze. Career after Our Gang Beckett on the poster for The Bad Man of Brimstone (1937) After his Our Gang days were over, Beckett won increasingly prominent roles in major Hollywood films, usually playing the star's son or the hero as a boy. Among his major credits are Dante's Inferno with Spencer Tracy, Anthony Adverse with Fredric March, The Charge of the Light Brigade with Errol Flynn, Conquest with Greta Garbo, Marie Antoinette with Norma Shearer; Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves, in which he played Jon Hall's character as a child, and Kings Row, in which he played Robert Cummings's character as a child. In 1940, he played Tim in My Favorite Wife, starring Cary Grant and Irene Dunne. He appeared as one of the unborn children in Shirley Temple's The Blue Bird (1940). He also had a central role in the wartime propaganda film The Boy from Stalingrad (1943). Beckett attended Los Angeles High School and took time off from filming to try his luck on the stage. Adolescence didn't seem to hamper his career, as he won such important roles as that of young Al Jolson in The Jolson Story, with his singing voice provided by Rudy Wissler, and Junior in the long-running radio show The Life of Riley. His performance as Jolson was described as "touching, enchanting, and to all indications, accurate".[1] In 1947, he appeared alongside Dickie Moore and Marilyn Monroe in Dangerous Years. Scotty Beckett was signed by MGM in 1947, with his first role under contract as Will Parker in Cynthia. He gained the role of Oogie Pringle in A Date with Judy, the film adaptation of the long-running radio series of the same name, opposite Jane Powell as Judy Foster. In 1949, Beckett was featured in the war drama Battleground and the following year he starred as the fast-talking Tennessee Shad in the comedy The Happy Years. By 1950, the success of those three films resulted in expectations that Beckett's career would rise, but it did not. While other actors his age moved into leading roles, his career declined, as evidenced by his small role in Nancy Goes to Rio, again with Jane Powell. He attended the University of Southern California, but dropped out when the combined workload of school and movies became too great. Although he was working steadily at MGM, his life grew increasingly tumultuous in the late 1940s and early 1950s. In 1948, he was arrested on suspicion of drunk driving. In 1954, Beckett's career took an upward turn when he was cast as Winky, the comic sidekick in the popular TV show Rocky Jones, Space Ranger. Beckett was fired from the series after he was arrested on a concealed weapons charge and for passing a bad check. According to actor Jimmy Lydon, who appeared with Beckett in the Gasoline Alley films and also replaced Beckett after he was fired from Rocky Jones, Beckett earned a bad reputation due to his excessive drinking. Lydon also claimed that Beckett made many enemies because he gambled frequently but refused to pay his gambling debts or repay money that was loaned to him.[2] After being fired from Rocky Jones, Beckett made only a few subsequent TV and film appearances, some uncredited bit parts, before leaving show business forever. Post-acting life After more or less giving up show business, Beckett tried selling real estate, then cars, and twice enrolled at universities with the intention of becoming a medical doctor. He was also arrested several times for drunkenness, drunk driving, drug possession, and passing bad checks. His first arrest for drunk driving came in 1948, followed by a second arrest in March 1959.[3] In February 1957, Beckett was arrested after attempting to cross the Mexican border with 250 "stimulant pills".[4] On August 14, 1959, Beckett was arrested for possessing four Benzedrine pills. He was released after twelve hours after the county prosecutor refused to press charges. Four days later, he sustained a broken hip and a skull fracture after crashing his car into a tree while driving in West Los Angeles.[3] Actor Jimmy Lydon claimed that the accident left Beckett severely disabled and he had to utilize a wheelchair and crutches for the remainder of his life.[5][6] In 1962, he attempted suicide after a heavy drinking binge.[4] Personal life Beckett was married three times and had one child. He married professional tennis player Beverly Baker on September 28, 1949, in Las Vegas.[7] Baker was granted a divorce in June 1950.[8] His second marriage was to model and actress Sunny Vickers. They married in 1951 and had one son, Scott, Jr., before divorcing in 1957. In 1961, Beckett married Margaret C. Sabo; she would remain with him until his death. Death On May 8, 1968, Beckett checked into a Los Angeles nursing home to seek medical attention after suffering a serious beating (the circumstances surrounding the beating were never made clear). He was found dead in his room on May 10. He was 38 years old. A note and pills were found, but the Los Angeles County coroner stated that an exact cause of death was unknown despite the fact that an autopsy had been performed.[9][10] While no official cause of death has been listed, various media reports state that Beckett either overdosed on barbiturates or alcohol,[11][4] or died as a result of the beating.[12] Beckett is buried at San Fernando Mission Cemetery in Mission Hills, Los Angeles.[13] Filmography Short subjects Sailor Made Widow (1934) Hi'-Neighbor! (1934) For Pete's Sake! (1934) The First Round-Up (1934) Honky Donkey (1934) Mike Fright (1934) Washee Ironee (1934) Mama's Little Pirate (1934) Shrimps for a Day (1934) Anniversary Trouble (1935) Beginner's Luck (1935) Teacher's Beau (1935) Sprucin' Up (1935) Little Papa (1935) Our Gang Follies of 1936 (1935) The Lucky Corner (1936) M-G-M Miniature: Little Boy Blue (1936) The King Without a Crown (1937) Cousin Wilbur (1939) Dog Daze (1939) The Royal Rodeo (1939) Cinderella's Feller (1940) The Flag of Humanity (1940) Features Gallant Lady (1933) I Am Suzanne (1933) George White's Scandals (1934) Stand Up and Cheer! (1934) Whom the Gods Destroy (1934) Romance in the Rain (1934) Babes in Toyland (1934) Dante's Inferno (1935) Pursuit (1935) I Dream Too Much (1935) The Cast Against Mrs. Ames (1936) Anthony Adverse (1936) Old Hutch (1936) The Charge of the Light Brigade (1936) When You're in Love (1937) A Doctor's Diary (1937) Slave Ship (1937) It Happened in Hollywood (1937) Life Begins with Love (1937) Conquest (1937) as Alexandre Walewska (uncredited) Wells Fargo (1937) The Bad Man of Brimstone (1937) No Time to Marry (1938) The Devil's Party (1938) Marie Antoinette (1938) Listen, Darling (1938) Love Affair (1939) The Flying Irishman (1939) Blind Alley (1939) Mickey the Kid (1939) The Escape (1939) Our Neighbors – The Carters (1939) Days of Jesse James (1939) The Blue Bird (1940) My Son, My Son! (1940) My Favorite Wife (1940) Gold Rush Maisie (1940) Street of Memories (1940) Father's Son (1941) Aloma of the South Seas (1941) The Vanishing Virginian (1942) Kings Row (1942) It Happened in Flatbush (1942) Between Us Girls (1942) The Youngest Profession (1943) The Boy from Stalingrad (1943) Good Luck, Mr. Yates (1943) Heaven Can Wait (1943) Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves (1944) The Climax (1944) Circumstantial Evidence (1945) Junior Miss (1945) My Reputation (1946) Her Adventurous Night (1946) The Swindlers (1946) White Tie and Tails (1946) The Jolson Story (1946) Cynthia (1947) as Will Parker Dangerous Years (1947) A Date with Judy (1948) Michael O'Halloran (1948) Battleground (1949) Nancy Goes to Rio (1950) Louisa (1950) The Happy Years (1950) Gasoline Alley (1951) Corky of Gasoline Alley (1951) Hot News (1953) The High and the Mighty (1954) Three for Jamie Dawn (1956) The Oklahoman (1957) Monkey on My Back (1957) Our Gang (later known as The Little Rascals or Hal Roach's Rascals) are a series of American comedy short films about a group of poor neighborhood children and their adventures. Created by comedy producer Hal Roach, the series was produced from 1922 to 1944 and is noted for showing children behaving in a relatively natural way, as Roach and original director Robert F. McGowan worked to film the unaffected, raw nuances apparent in regular children rather than have them imitate adult acting styles. The series broke new ground by portraying white and black boys and girls interacting as equals.[1] The franchise began in 1922 as a series of silent short subjects produced by the Roach studio and released by Pathé Exchange. Roach changed distributors from Pathé to Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM) in 1927, and the series entered its most popular period after converting to sound in 1929. Production continued at the Roach studio until 1938, when the series was sold to MGM, which produced the comedies until 1944. In total, the Our Gang series includes 220 shorts and one feature film, General Spanky, and featured over 41 child actors. As MGM retained the rights to the Our Gang trademark following their purchase of the production rights, the 80 Roach-produced "talkies" were syndicated for television under the title The Little Rascals beginning in 1955. Roach's The Little Rascals package (now owned by CBS Television Distribution) and MGM's Our Gang package (now owned by Turner Entertainment and distributed by Warner Bros. Television) have since remained in syndication. New productions based on the shorts have been made over the years, including a 1994 feature film, Little Rascals, released by Universal Pictures. Contents  1 Series overview 1.1 Directorial approach 1.2 Finding and replacing the cast 1.3 African-American cast members 2 History 2.1 1922–1925: Early years 2.2 1926–1929: New faces and new distributors 2.3 1929–1931: Entering the sound era 2.4 1931–1933: Transition 2.5 1933–1936: New directions 2.6 The final Roach years 2.7 The MGM era 3 Later years and The Little Rascals revival 3.1 The Little Rascals television package 3.2 King World's acquisition and edits 3.3 New Little Rascals productions 4 Legacy and influence 4.1 Imitators, followers, and frauds 4.2 Persons and entities named after Our Gang 5 Home video releases and rights to the films 5.1 16 mm, VHS, and DVD releases 5.2 Cabin Fever/Hallmark releases 5.3 MGM/Warner Bros. releases 6 Status of ownership 7 Our Gang cast and personnel 7.1 Roach silent period 7.2 Roach sound period 7.3 MGM period 8 Notable Our Gang comedies 9 References 10 External links Series overview Unlike many motion pictures featuring children and based in fantasy, producer/creator Hal Roach rooted Our Gang in real life: most of the children were poor, and the gang was often at odds with snobbish "rich kids," officious adults, parents, and other such adversaries.[1] Directorial approach Senior director Robert F. McGowan helmed most of the Our Gang shorts until 1933, assisted by his nephew Anthony Mack. McGowan worked to develop a style that allowed the children to be as natural as possible, downplaying the importance of the filmmaking equipment. Scripts were written for the shorts by the Hal Roach comedy writing staff, which included at various times Leo McCarey, Frank Capra, Walter Lantz and Frank Tashlin, among others.[2] The children, some too young to read, rarely saw the scripts; instead McGowan would explain the scene to be filmed to each child immediately before it was shot, directing the children using a megaphone and encouraging improvisation.[2] When sound came in at the end of the 1920s, McGowan modified his approach slightly, but scripts were not adhered to until McGowan left the series. Later Our Gang directors, such as Gus Meins and Gordon Douglas, streamlined the approach to McGowan's methods to meet the demands of the increasingly sophisticated movie industry of the mid-to-late 1930s.[2] Douglas in particular had to streamline his films, as he directed Our Gang after Roach halved the running times of the shorts from two reels (20 minutes) to one reel (10 minutes).[2] Finding and replacing the cast As children became too old for the series, they were replaced by new children, usually from the Los Angeles area. Eventually Our Gang talent scouting employed large-scale national contests in which thousands of children tried out for an open role. Norman "Chubby" Chaney (who replaced Joe Cobb), Matthew "Stymie" Beard (who replaced Allen "Farina" Hoskins) and Billie "Buckwheat" Thomas (who replaced Stymie) all won contests to become members of the gang.[3][4][5] Even when there was no talent search, the studio was bombarded by requests from parents who were sure their children were perfect for the series. Among them were the future child stars Mickey Rooney and Shirley Temple, neither of whom made it past the audition.[6] African-American cast members Original theatrical poster for the Our Gang comedy Baby Brother, in which Allen "Farina" Hoskins (center) paints a black baby with white shoe polish so that he can sell him to a lonely rich boy, Joe Cobb (right), as a baby brother The Our Gang series is notable for being one of the first in cinema history in which blacks and whites were portrayed as equals. The four African-American child actors who held main roles in the series were Ernie "Sunshine Sammy" Morrison, Allen "Farina" Hoskins, Matthew "Stymie" Beard and Billie "Buckwheat" Thomas. Ernie Morrison was, in fact, the first African-American actor signed to a long-term contract in Hollywood history[7] and the first major African-American star in Hollywood history.[8] In their adult years, Morrison, Beard and Thomas became some of Our Gang's staunchest defenders, maintaining that its integrated cast and innocent story lines were far from racist. They explained that the white children's characters in the series were similarly stereotyped: the "freckle-faced kid", the "fat kid", the "neighborhood bully", the "pretty blond girl", and the "mischievous toddler". "We were just a group of kids who were having fun", Stymie Beard recalled.[9] Ernie Morrison stated, "When it came to race, Hal Roach was color-blind."[10] Other minorities, including the Asian Americans (Sing Joy George “Sonny Boy” Warde, Allen Tong (also known as Alan Dong), and Edward Soo Hoo) and the Italian American actor (Mickey Gubitosi), were depicted in the series with varying levels of stereotyping. History Left to right: Ernie "Sunshine Sammy" Morrison, Andy Samuel, Allen "Farina" Hoskins, Mickey Daniels and Joe Cobb in a 1923 still from one of the earliest Our Gang comedies 1922–1925: Early years According to Roach, the idea for Our Gang came to him in 1921, when he was auditioning a child actress to appear in a film. The girl was, in his opinion, overly made up and overly rehearsed, and Roach waited for the audition to be over. After the girl and her mother left the office, Roach looked out of his window to a lumberyard across the street, where he saw some children having an argument. The children had all taken sticks from the lumberyard to play with, but the smallest child had the biggest stick, and the others were trying to force him to give it to the biggest child. After realizing that he had been watching the children bicker for 15 minutes, Roach thought a short film series about children just being themselves might be a success.[11] Our Gang also had its roots in an aborted Roach short-subject series revolving around the adventures of a black boy called "Sunshine Sammy", played by Ernie Morrison.[12] Theater owners then were wary of booking shorts focused on a black boy,[12] and the series ended after just one entry, The Pickaninny, was produced.[12] Morrison's "Sunshine Sammy" instead became one of the foci of the new Our Gang series. Under the supervision of Charley Chase, work began on the first two-reel shorts in the new "kids-and-pets" series, to be called Hal Roach's Rascals, later that year. Director Fred C. Newmeyer helmed the first pilot film, entitled Our Gang, but Roach scrapped Newmeyer's work and had former fireman Robert F. McGowan reshoot the short. Roach tested it at several theaters around Hollywood. The attendees were very receptive, and the press clamored for "lots more of those 'Our Gang' comedies." The colloquial usage of the term Our Gang led to its becoming the series' second (yet more popular) official title, with the title cards reading "Our Gang Comedies: Hal Roach presents His Rascals in..."[13] The series was officially called both Our Gang and Hal Roach's Rascals until 1932, when Our Gang became the sole title of the series. The first cast of Our Gang was recruited primarily of children recommended to Roach by studio employees, with the exception of Ernie Morrison, under contract to Roach. The other Our Gang recruits included Roach photographer Gene Kornman's daughter Mary Kornman, their friends' son Mickey Daniels, and family friends Allen "Farina" Hoskins, Jack Davis, Jackie Condon, and Joe Cobb. Most early shorts were filmed outdoors and on location and featured a menagerie of animal characters, such as Dinah the Mule. Roach's distributor Pathé released One Terrible Day, the fourth short produced for the series, as the first Our Gang short on September 10, 1922; the pilot Our Gang was not released until November 5. The Our Gang series was a success from the start, with the children's naturalism, the funny animal actors, and McGowan's direction making a successful combination. The shorts did well at the box office, and by the end of the decade the Our Gang children were pictured on numerous product endorsements. The biggest Our Gang stars then were Sunshine Sammy, Mickey Daniels, Mary Kornman, and little Farina, who eventually became the most popular member of the 1920s gang[14] and the most popular black child star of the 1920s.[15] A reviewer wrote of her character in Photoplay: "The honors go to a very young lady of color, billed as 'Little Farina.' Scarcely two years old, she goes through each set like a wee, sombre shadow."[16] Daniels and Kornman were very popular and were often paired in Our Gang and a later teen version of the series called The Boy Friends, which Roach produced from 1930 to 1932. Other early Our Gang children were Eugene "Pineapple" Jackson, Scooter Lowry, Andy Samuel, Johnny Downs, Winston and Weston Doty, and Jay R. Smith. 1926–1929: New faces and new distributors After Sammy, Mickey and Mary left the series in the mid 1920s, the Our Gang series entered a transitional period. The stress of directing child actors forced Robert McGowan to take doctor-mandated sabbaticals for exhaustion,[17] leaving his nephew Robert A. McGowan (credited as Anthony Mack) to direct many shorts in this period. The Mack-directed shorts are considered to be among the lesser entries in the series.[18] New faces included Bobby "Wheezer" Hutchins, Harry Spear, Jean Darling and Mary Ann Jackson, while stalwart Farina served as the series' anchor. Also at this time, the Our Gang cast acquired an American pit bull terrier with a ring around one eye, originally named Pansy but soon known as Pete the Pup, the most famous Our Gang pet. In 1927, Roach ended his distribution arrangement with the Pathé company. He signed on to release future products through the newly formed Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, which released its first Our Gang comedy in September 1927. The move to MGM offered Roach larger budgets and the chance to have his films packaged with MGM features to the Loews Theatres chain. Some shorts around this time, particularly Spook Spoofing (1928, one of only two three-reelers in the Our Gang canon), contained extended scenes of the gang tormenting and teasing Farina, scenes which helped spur the claims of racism, which many other shorts did not warrant. These shorts marked the departure of Jackie Condon, who had been with the group from the beginning of the series. Jackie Cooper in the 1930 short School's Out 1929–1931: Entering the sound era Starting in 1928, Our Gang comedies were distributed with phonographic discs that contained synchronized music-and-sound-effect tracks for the shorts. In spring 1929, the Roach sound stages were converted for sound recording, and Our Gang made its "all-talking" debut in April 1929 with the 25-minute Small Talk. It took a year for McGowan and the gang to fully adjust to talking pictures, during which time they lost Joe Cobb, Jean Darling and Harry Spear and added Norman "Chubby" Chaney, Dorothy DeBorba, Matthew "Stymie" Beard, Donald Haines and Jackie Cooper. Cooper proved to be the personality the series had been missing since Mickey Daniels left and was featured prominently in three 1930/1931 Our Gang films: Teacher's Pet, School's Out, and Love Business. These three shorts explored Jackie Cooper's crush on the new schoolteacher Miss Crabtree, played by June Marlowe. Cooper soon won the lead role in Paramount's feature film Skippy, and Roach sold his contract to MGM in 1931. Other Our Gang members appearing in the early sound shorts included Buddy McDonald, Bobby "Bonedust" Young, and Shirley Jean Rickert. Many also appeared in a group cameo appearance in the all-star comedy short The Stolen Jools (1931). Beginning with When the Wind Blows, background music scores were added to the soundtracks of most of the Our Gang films. Initially, the music consisted of orchestral versions of then popular tunes. Marvin Hatley had served as the music director of Hal Roach Studios since 1929, and RCA employee Leroy Shield joined the company as a part-time musical director in mid 1930. Hatley and Shield's jazz-influenced scores, first featured in Our Gang with 1930s Pups is Pups, became recognizable trademarks of Our Gang, Laurel and Hardy, and the other Roach series and films. Another 1930 short, Teacher's Pet, marked the first use of the Our Gang theme song, "Good Old Days", composed by Leroy Shield and featuring a notable saxophone solo. Shield and Hatley's scores would support Our Gang's on-screen action regularly through 1934, after which series entries with background scores became less frequent. In 1930, Roach began production on The Boy Friends, a short-subject series which was essentially a teenaged version of Our Gang. Featuring Our Gang alumni Mickey Daniels and Mary Kornman among its cast, The Boy Friends was produced for two years, with fifteen installments in total. The gang races rich-kid Jerry Tucker in their makeshift fire engine in the 1934 short Hi'-Neighbor! 1931–1933: Transition Jackie Cooper left Our Gang in early 1931 at the cusp of another major shift in the lineup, as Farina Hoskins, Chubby Chaney, and Mary Ann Jackson all departed a few months afterward. Our Gang entered another transitional period, similar to that of the mid 1920s. Stymie Beard, Wheezer Hutchins, and Dorothy DeBorba carried the series during this period, aided by Sherwood Bailey and Kendall "Breezy Brisbane" McComas. Unlike the mid-1920s period, McGowan sustained the quality of the series with the help of the several regular cast members and the Roach writing staff. Many of these shorts include early appearances of Jerry Tucker and Wally Albright, who later became series regulars. New Roach discovery George "Spanky" McFarland joined the gang late in 1931 at the age of three and, excepting a brief hiatus during the summer of 1938, remained an Our Gang actor for eleven years. At first appearing as the tag-along toddler of the group, and later finding an accomplice in Scotty Beckett in 1934, Spanky quickly became Our Gang's biggest child star. He won parts in a number of outside features, appeared in many of the now-numerous Our Gang product endorsements and spin-off merchandise items, and popularized the expressions "Okey-dokey!" and "Okey-doke!"[19] Dickie Moore, a veteran child actor, joined in the middle of 1932 and remained with the series for one year. Other members in these years included Mary Ann Jackson's brother Dickie Jackson, John "Uh-huh" Collum, and Tommy Bond. Upon Dickie Moore's departure in mid 1933, long-term Our Gang members such as Wheezer (who had been with Our Gang since the late Pathé silents period) and Dorothy left the series as well. 1933–1936: New directions Robert McGowan, burned out from the stress of working with the child actors, had as early as 1931 attempted to resign from his position as Our Gang producer/director.[17] Lacking a replacement, Hal Roach persuaded him to stay on for another year.[17] At the start of the 1933–34 season, the Our Gang series format was significantly altered to accommodate McGowan and persuade him to stay another year.[17] The first two entries of the season in fall 1933, Bedtime Worries and Wild Poses (which featured a cameo by Laurel and Hardy), focused on Spanky McFarland and his hapless parents, portrayed by Gay Seabrook and Emerson Treacy, in a family-oriented situation comedy format similar to the style later popular on television. A smaller cast of Our Gang kids—Stymie Beard, Tommy Bond, Jerry Tucker, and Georgie Billings—were featured in supporting roles with reduced screen time. An unsatisfied McGowan abruptly left after Wild Poses. Coupled with a brief suspension in Spanky McFarland's work permit,[20] Our Gang went into a four-month hiatus, during which the series was revised to a format similar to its original style and German-born Gus Meins was hired as the new series director.[17] Hi-Neighbor!, released in March 1934, ended the hiatus and was the first series entry directed by Meins, a veteran of the once-competing Buster Brown short subject series. Gordon Douglas served as Meins's assistant director, and Fred Newmeyer alternated directorial duties with Meins for a handful of shorts. Meins's Our Gang shorts were less improvisational than McGowan's and featured a heavier reliance on dialogue.[21] McGowan returned two years later to direct his Our Gang swan song, Divot Diggers, released in 1936. Retaining Spanky McFarland, Stymie Beard, Tommy Bond, and Jerry Tucker, the revised series added Scotty Beckett, Wally Albright, and Billie Thomas, who soon began playing the character of Stymie's sister "Buckwheat," though Thomas was a male. Semi-regular actors, such as Jackie Lynn Taylor, Marianne Edwards, and Leonard Kibrick as the neighborhood bully, joined the series at this time. Tommy Bond and Wally Albright left in the middle of 1934; Jackie Lynn Taylor and Marianne Edwards would depart by 1935. Early in 1935, Carl Switzer and his brother Harold joined the gang after impressing Roach with an impromptu performance at the studio commissary. While Harold would eventually be relegated to the role of a background player, Carl, nicknamed "Alfalfa," eventually replaced Scotty Beckett as Spanky's sidekick. Stymie Beard left the cast soon after, and the Buckwheat character morphed subtly into a male. That same year, Darla Hood, Patsy May, and Eugene "Porky" Lee joined the gang, as Scotty Beckett departed for a career in features. The final Roach years Our Gang was very successful during the 1920s and the early 1930s. However, by 1934, many movie theater owners were increasingly dropping two-reel (20-minute) comedies like Our Gang and the Laurel & Hardy series from their bills and running double feature programs instead. The Laurel & Hardy series went from film shorts to features exclusively in mid 1935. By 1936, Hal Roach began debating plans to discontinue Our Gang until Louis B. Mayer, head of Roach's distributor MGM, persuaded Roach to keep the popular series in production.[22] Roach agreed, producing shorter, one-reel Our Gang comedies (ten minutes in length instead of twenty). The first one-reel Our Gang short, Bored of Education (1936), marked the Our Gang directorial debut of former assistant director Gordon Douglas and won the Academy Award for Best Short Subject (One Reel) in 1937. As part of the arrangement with MGM to continue Our Gang, Roach received the clearance to produce an Our Gang feature film, General Spanky, hoping that he might move the series to features as was done with Laurel & Hardy.[22] Directed by Gordon Douglas and Fred Newmeyer, General Spanky featured Spanky, Buckwheat, and Alfalfa in a sentimental, Shirley Temple-esque story set during the Civil War. The film focused more on the adult leads (Phillips Holmes and Rosina Lawrence) than the children and was a box office disappointment.[23] No further Our Gang features were made. George "Spanky" McFarland, Darla Hood, and Carl "Alfalfa" Switzer in the "Club Spanky" dream sequence from the 1937 short Our Gang Follies of 1938. After years of gradual cast changes, the troupe standardized in 1936 with the move to one-reel shorts. Most casual fans of Our Gang are particularly familiar with the 1936–1939 incarnation of the cast: Spanky, Alfalfa, Darla, Buckwheat, and Porky, with recurring characters such as neighborhood bullies Butch and Woim and the bookworm Waldo. Tommy Bond, an off-and-on member of the gang since 1932, returned to the series as Butch beginning with the 1937 short Glove Taps. Sidney Kibrick, the younger brother of Leonard Kibrick, played Butch's crony, Woim. Glove Taps also featured the first appearance of Darwood Kaye as the bespectacled, foppish Waldo. In later shorts, both Butch and Waldo were portrayed as Alfalfa's rivals in his pursuit of Darla's affections. Other popular elements in these mid-to-late-1930s shorts include the "He-Man Woman Haters Club" from Hearts Are Thumps and Mail and Female (both 1937), the Laurel and Hardy-ish interaction between Alfalfa and Spanky, and the comic tag-along team of Porky and Buckwheat. Roach produced the final two-reel Our Gang short, a high-budget musical special entitled Our Gang Follies of 1938, in 1937 as a parody of MGM's Broadway Melody of 1938. In Follies of 1938, Alfalfa, who aspires to be an opera singer, falls asleep and dreams that his old pal Spanky has become the rich owner of a swanky Broadway nightclub where Darla and Buckwheat perform, making "hundreds and thousands of dollars." As the profit margins continued to decline owing to double features,[24] Roach could no longer afford to continue producing Our Gang. However, MGM did not want the series discontinued and agreed to take over production. On May 31, 1938, Roach sold MGM the Our Gang unit, including the rights to the name and the contracts for the actors and writers, for $25,000 (equal to $434,634 today).[25] After delivering the Laurel and Hardy feature Block-Heads, Roach also ended his distribution contract with MGM, moving to United Artists and leaving the short-subjects business. The final Roach-produced short in the Our Gang series, Hide and Shriek, was his final short-subject production. The MGM era The Little Ranger was the first Our Gang short to be produced in-house at MGM. Gordon Douglas was loaned out from Hal Roach Studios to direct The Little Ranger and another early MGM short, Aladdin's Lantern, while MGM hired newcomer George Sidney as the permanent series director. Our Gang would be used by MGM as a training ground for future feature directors: Sidney, Edward Cahn and Cy Endfield all worked on Our Gang before moving on to features. Another director, Herbert Glazer, remained a second-unit director outside of his work on the series. Nearly all of the 52 MGM-produced Our Gangs were written by former Roach director Hal Law and former junior director Robert A. McGowan (also known as Anthony Mack, nephew of former senior Our Gang director Robert F. McGowan). Robert A. McGowan was credited for these shorts as "Robert McGowan"; as a result, moviegoers have been confused for decades about whether this Robert McGowan and the senior director of the same name at Roach were two separate people or not. By 1938, Alfalfa had surpassed Spanky as Our Gang's lead character; Spanky McFarland had departed from the series just before its sale to MGM.[26] Casting his replacement was delayed until after the move to MGM, at which point it was arranged to re-hire McFarland.[27] Porky was replaced in 1939 by Mickey Gubitosi, later known by the stage name of Robert Blake. Tommy Bond, Darwood Kaye, and Carl Switzer all left the series in 1940, and Billy "Froggy" Laughlin (with his Popeye-esque trick voice) and Janet Burston were added to the cast. By the end of 1941, Darla Hood had departed from the series, and Spanky McFarland followed her within a year. Buckwheat remained in the cast until the end of the series as the sole holdover from the Roach era. Overall, the Our Gang films produced by MGM were not as well-received as the Roach-produced shorts had been, largely due to MGM's inexperience with the brand of slapstick comedy that Our Gang was famous for and to MGM's insistence on keeping Alfalfa, Spanky and Buckwheat in the series as they became teens.[28] The MGM entries are considered by many film historians, and the Our Gang children themselves, to be lesser films than the Roach entries.[29] The children's performances were criticized as stilted and stiff, and adult situations often drove the action, with each film often incorporating a moral, a civics lesson, or a patriotic theme.[28] The series was given a permanent setting in the fictitious town of Greenpoint, and the mayhem caused by the Our Gang kids was toned down significantly. Exhibitors noticed the drop in quality, and often complained that the series was slipping. When six of the 13 shorts released between 1942 and 1943 sustained losses rather than turning profits,[30] MGM discontinued Our Gang, releasing the final short, Dancing Romeo, on April 29, 1944. Since 1937, Our Gang had been featured as a licensed comic strip in the UK comic The Dandy, drawn by Dudley D. Watkins. Starting in 1942, MGM licensed Our Gang to Dell Comics for the publication of Our Gang Comics, featuring the gang, Barney Bear, and Tom and Jerry. The strips in The Dandy ended three years after the demise of the Our Gang shorts, in 1947. Our Gang Comics outlasted the series by five years, changing its name to Tom and Jerry Comics in 1949. In 2006, Fantagraphics Books began issuing a series of volumes reprinting the Our Gang stories, mostly written and drawn by Pogo creator Walt Kelly. Later years and The Little Rascals revival The Little Rascals television package When Roach sold Our Gang to MGM, he retained the option to buy the rights to the Our Gang trademark, provided he produced no more children's comedies in the Our Gang vein. In the late 1940s, he created a new film property in the Our Gang mold and forfeited his right to buy back the name Our Gang to obtain permission to produce two Cinecolor featurettes, Curley and Who Killed Doc Robbin. Neither film was critically or financially successful, and Roach turned to re-releasing the original Our Gang comedies. In 1949, MGM sold Roach the back catalog of 1927–1938 Our Gang silent and talking shorts, while retaining the rights to the Our Gang name, the 52 Our Gang films it produced, and the feature General Spanky. Under the terms of the sale, Roach was required to remove the MGM Lion studio logo and all instances of the names or logos "Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer", "Loew's Incorporated", and Our Gang from the reissued film prints. Using a modified version of the series' original name, Roach repackaged 79 of the 80 sound Our Gang shorts as The Little Rascals. Monogram Pictures and its successor, Allied Artists, reissued the films to theaters beginning in 1951. Allied Artists' television department, Interstate Television, syndicated the films to TV in 1955. Under its new name, The Little Rascals enjoyed renewed popularity on television, and new Little Rascals comic books, toys, and other licensed merchandise were produced. Seeing the potential of the property, MGM began distributing its own Our Gang shorts to television in September 1958, and the two separate packages of Our Gang films competed with each other in syndication for three decades. Some stations bought both packages and played them alongside each other under the Little Rascals show banner. The television rights to the silent Pathé Our Gang comedies were sold to National Telepix and other distributors, who distributed the films under titles such as The Mischief Makers and Those Lovable Scallawags with Their Gangs. King World's acquisition and edits In 1963, Hal Roach Studios, by then run by Roach's son Hal Jr, filed for bankruptcy. A struggling novice syndication agent named Charles King purchased the television rights to The Little Rascals in the bankruptcy proceedings and returned the shorts to television. The success of The Little Rascals paved the way for King's new company, King World Productions, to grow into one of the largest television syndicators in the world. Currently, CBS Television Distribution handles distribution rights. In 1971, because of controversy over some racial humor in the shorts and other content deemed to be in bad taste, King World made significant edits to Little Rascals TV prints. Many series entries were trimmed by two to four minutes, while others (among them Spanky, Bargain Day, The Pinch Singer and Mush and Milk) were cut to nearly half of their original length. At the same time, eight Little Rascals shorts were pulled from the King World television package altogether. Lazy Days, Moan and Groan, Inc., the Stepin Fetchit-guest-starred A Tough Winter, Little Daddy, A Lad an' a Lamp, The Kid From Borneo, and Little Sinner were deleted from the syndication package because of perceived racism, while Big Ears was deleted for dealing with the subject of divorce. The early talkie Railroadin' was never part of the television package because its soundtrack (recorded on phonographic records) was considered lost, although it was later found and restored to the film. Turner Entertainment acquired the classic MGM library in 1986, and the 1938–44 MGM-produced Our Gang shorts were shown on Turner's TBS and TNT cable networks for many years as early-morning programming filler, with a regular slot on Sundays at 6 AM ET on TNT. In the early 2000s, the 71 films in the King World package were re-edited, reinstating many (though not all) edits made in 1971 and the original Our Gang title cards. These new television prints made their debut on the American Movie Classics cable network in 2001 and ran until 2003. New Little Rascals productions Many producers, including Our Gang alumnus Jackie Cooper, made pilots for new Little Rascals television series, but none ever went into production. In 1977, Norman Lear tried to revive the Rascals franchise, taping three pilot episodes of The Little Rascals. The pilots were not bought, but were notable for including Gary Coleman. 1979 brought The Little Rascals Christmas Special, an animated holiday special produced by Murakami-Wolf-Swenson, written by Romeo Muller and featuring the voice work of Darla Hood (who died before the special aired) and Matthew "Stymie" Beard. From 1982 to 1984, Hanna-Barbera Productions produced a Saturday morning cartoon version of The Little Rascals, which aired on ABC during The Pac-Man/Little Rascals/Richie Rich Show (later The Monchichis/Little Rascals/Richie Rich Show).[31] It starred the voices of Patty Maloney as Darla; Peter Cullen as Petey and Officer Ed; Scott Menville as Spanky; Julie McWhirter Dees as Alfalfa, Porky and The Woim; Shavar Ross as Buckwheat, and B.J. Ward as Butch and Waldo. In 1994, Amblin Entertainment and Universal Pictures released The Little Rascals, a feature film based loosely on the series and featuring interpretations of classic Our Gang shorts, including Hearts are Thumps, Rushin' Ballet, and Hi'-Neighbor! The film, directed by Penelope Spheeris, starred Travis Tedford as Spanky, Bug Hall as Alfalfa, and Ross Bagley as Buckwheat; with cameos by the Olsen twins, Whoopi Goldberg, Mel Brooks, Reba McEntire, Daryl Hannah, Donald Trump and Raven-Symoné.[32] The Little Rascals was a moderate success for Universal, bringing in $51,764,950 at the box office.[33] In 2014, Universal Pictures released a direct-to-video film, The Little Rascals Save the Day. This was a second film loosely based on the series and featuring interpretations of classic Our Gang shorts, including Helping Grandma, Mike Fright, and Birthday Blues. The film was directed by Alex Zamm, and starred Jet Jurgensmeyer as Spanky, Drew Justice as Alfalfa, Eden Wood as Darla, and Doris Roberts as the kids' adopted Grandma. Legacy and influence The characters in this series are well-known cultural icons, and identified solely by their first names. The characters of Alfalfa, Spanky, Buckwheat, Darla, and Froggy were especially well known. Like many child actors, the Our Gang children were typecast and had trouble outgrowing their Our Gang images. Several Our Gang alumni, among them Carl "Alfalfa" Switzer, Scotty Beckett, Norman "Chubby" Chaney, Billy "Froggy" Laughlin, Donald Haines, Bobby "Wheezer" Hutchins, Darla Hood, Matthew "Stymie" Beard, Billie "Buckwheat" Thomas, and George "Spanky" McFarland, died before age 65, in most cases well earlier. This led to rumors of an Our Gang/Little Rascals "curse", rumors further popularized by a 2002 E! True Hollywood Story documentary entitled "The Curse of the Little Rascals".[34] The Snopes.com website debunks the rumor of an Our Gang curse, stating that there was no pattern of unusual deaths when taking all of the major Our Gang stars into account, despite the deaths of a select few.[35] The children's work in the series was largely unrewarded in later years, although Spanky McFarland got a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame posthumously in 1994. Neither he nor any other Our Gang children received any residuals or royalties from reruns of the shorts or licensed products with their likenesses. The only remittances were their weekly salaries during their time in the gang, ranging from $40 a week for newcomers to $200 or more weekly for stars like Farina, Spanky, and Alfalfa.[14] One notable exception was Jackie Cooper, who was later nominated for an Academy Award and had a career as an adult actor. Cooper is known today for portraying Perry White in the 1978–1987 Superman movies, and for directing episodes of TV series such as M*A*S*H and Superboy. Another was Robert Blake, who found great success in the 1960s and 1970s as an actor, with films like In Cold Blood and television shows like Baretta (which netted him an Emmy Award). The 1930 Our Gang short Pups is Pups was an inductee of the 2004 National Film Registry list.[36] Imitators, followers, and frauds Due to the popularity of Our Gang, many similar kid comedy short film series were created by competing studios. Among the most notable are The Kiddie Troupers, featuring future comedian Eddie Bracken; Baby Burlesks, featuring Shirley Temple; the Buster Brown comedies (from which Our Gang received Pete the Pup and director Gus Meins); and Our Gang's main competitor, the Toonerville Trolley-based Mickey McGuire series starring Mickey Rooney. Less notable imitations series include The McDougall Alley Gang (Bray Productions, 1927–1928), The Us Bunch and Our Kids. There is evidence[37] that Our Gang-style productions were filmed in small towns and cities around the country using local children actors in the 1920s and 1930s. These productions did not appear to be affiliated with Hal Roach, but often used storylines from the shorts of the period, and sometimes went so far as to identify themselves as being Our Gang productions. In later years, many adults falsely claimed to have been members of Our Gang. A long list of people, including persons famous in other capacities such as Nanette Fabray, Eddie Bracken, and gossip columnist Joyce Haber[38] claimed to be or have been publicly called former Our Gang children.[39] Bracken's official biography was once altered[39] to state that he appeared in Our Gang instead of The Kiddie Troupers, although he himself had no knowledge of the change.[39] Among notable Our Gang impostors is Jack Bothwell, who claimed to have portrayed a character named "Freckles",[39] going so far as to appear on the game show To Tell The Truth in the fall of 1957, perpetuating this fraud.[39] In 2008, a Darla Hood impostor, Mollie Barron, died claiming to have appeared as Darla in Our Gang.[40] Another is Bill English, a grocery store employee who appeared on the October 5, 1990, episode of the ABC investigative television newsmagazine 20/20 claiming to have been Buckwheat. Following the broadcast, Spanky McFarland informed the media of the truth,[39] and in December, William Thomas, Jr. (son of Billie Thomas, the person who played Buckwheat) filed a lawsuit against ABC for negligence.[39] Persons and entities named after Our Gang A number of groups, companies, and entities have been inspired by or named after Our Gang. The folk-rock group Spanky and Our Gang was named for the troupe because lead singer Elaine "Spanky" McFarlane's last name was similar to that of George "Spanky" McFarland. The band had no connection with the actual Our Gang series. Numerous unauthorized Little Rascals and Our Gang restaurants and day care centers also exist throughout the United States. Home video releases and rights to the films Further information: Our Gang filmography 16 mm, VHS, and DVD releases In the 1950s, home movie distributor Official Films released many of the Hal Roach talkies on 16 mm film. These were released as "Famous Kid Comedies". as Official could not use "Our Gang". The company's licensing only lasted for a short period. For years afterward, Blackhawk Films released 79 of the 80 Roach talkies on 16 mm film. The sound discs for Railroading' had been lost since the 1940s, and a silent print was available for home movie release until 1982, when the film's sound discs were located in the MGM vault and the short was restored with sound. Like the television prints, Blackhawk's Little Rascals reissues featured custom title cards in place of the original Our Gang logos, per MGM's 1949 arrangement with Hal Roach not to distribute the series under its original title. Edits to the films were the replacements of the original Our Gang title cards with Little Rascals titles. In 1983, with the VHS home video market growing, Blackhawk began distributing Little Rascals VHS tapes through catalogue, with three shorts per tape. Blackhawk Films was acquired in 1983 by National Telefilm Associates, later being renamed Republic Pictures. Republic would release Little Rascals VHS volumes for retail purchase in non-comprehensive collections through the rest of the 1980s and early 1990s. By then, all but 11 of the Roach-era sound films were available on home video. Cabin Fever/Hallmark releases In 1993, Republic Pictures Home Video sold the home video rights to the 80 sound Roach shorts and some available silent shorts to Cabin Fever Entertainment. Cabin Fever acquired the rights to use the original Our Gang title cards and MGM logos, and for the first time in over 50 years, the Roach sound Our Gang comedies could be commercially exhibited in the original format. The first twelve volumes of The Little Rascals were released on July 6, 1994, followed by nine more on July 11, 1995, coinciding with the theatrical and home video releases of Universal's 1994 feature.[41] [42] Each tape contains four shorts, as well as specially-produced introductions by Leonard Maltin. With these releases, Cabin Fever made all 80 Roach sound shorts, and four silents, available for purchase, uncut, uncensored, unedited and with digitally restored picture and sound. On August 26, 1997, a limited edition volume, For Pete's Sake, was released in honor of the Rascals' 75th anniversary, and contained an introduction from original cast member Tommy "Butch" Bond and Petey from the 1994 feature. The video contained three previously-released shorts, plus the never-before-available silent short Dog Heaven; it was also available in a gift set with a Pete plush doll.[43] Cabin Fever began pressing DVD versions of their first 12 Little Rascals VHS volumes (with the contents of two VHS volumes included on each DVD), but went out of business in 1998 before their release. The Little Rascals home video rights were then sold to Hallmark Entertainment in 1999, who released the DVDs without an official launch while cleaning out their warehouse in early 2000. Hallmark colorized a few Our Gang shorts and released them across 8 VHS tapes. Later that year, the first 10 Cabin Fever volumes were re-released on VHS with new packaging, and the first two volumes were released on DVD as The Little Rascals: Volumes 1–2. Two further Hallmark DVD collections featured ten shorts apiece, and were released in 2003 and 2005, respectively. From 2006 to 2009, Legend Films produced colorized versions of twenty four Our Gang comedies (23 Roach entries, and the public domain MGM entry Waldo's Last Stand), which were released across five Little Rascals DVDs. In 2011, Legend Films released black and white versions of Little Rascals DVDs. RHI Entertainment and Genius Products released an eight-disc DVD set, The Little Rascals – the Complete Collection, on October 28, 2008.[44][45] This set includes all 80 Hal Roach-produced Our Gang sound short films. Most of the collection uses the 1994 restorations, while 16 shorts are presented with older Blackhawk Films transfers as their remastered copies were lost or misplaced during preparations.[46][47] On June 14, 2011, Vivendi Entertainment re-released seven of the eight DVD's from RHI/Genius Products' The Little Rascals – The Complete Collection as individual releases. This includes the 80 shorts – replacing the Blackhawk transfers on the previous set with their respective 1994 restorations – but excludes the disc featuring the extras. MGM/Warner Bros. releases During the 1980s and 1990s, MGM released several non-comprehensive VHS tapes of its shorts, and a VHS of the feature General Spanky. After video rights for the classic MGM library reverted to their new owners, Turner Entertainment/Warner Bros., in the late 1990s, four of the MGM Our Gang shorts appeared as bonus features on Warner Bros.-issued classic film DVD releases. On September 1, 2009, Warner Home Video released all 52 MGM Our Gang shorts in a compilation titled The Our Gang Collection: 1938–1942 (though it contains the 1943–44 shorts as well) for manufacture-on-demand (MOD) DVD and digital download. The set is available by mail order and digital download as part of the Warner Archive Collection, and is available for purchase via the iTunes Store. There are many unofficial Our Gang and Little Rascals home video collections available from several other distributors, comprising shorts (both silent and sound) which have fallen into the public domain. Status of ownership Currently, the rights to the Our Gang/Little Rascals shorts are scattered. Sonar Entertainment (formerly known as RHI Entertainment, Cabin Fever Entertainment and Hallmark Entertainment)[48] owns the copyrights of and holds the theatrical and home video rights to the Roach-produced Our Gang shorts. Sonar acquired these after absorbing Hal Roach Studios in 1988, and both Roach's estate and Cabin Fever Entertainment in the late 1990s.[49] CBS Television Distribution, formed by the merger of King World Entertainment with CBS Paramount Domestic Television, owns the rights to the Little Rascals trademark and has all media rights to the 1929-1938 Roach shorts, which constitute The Little Rascals television package, with certain territory exclusions controlled by Cinematografische Commers Anatalt. CBS offers original black-and-white and colorized prints for syndication. The King World/CBS Little Rascals package was featured as exclusive programming (in the United States) for the American Movie Classics network from August 2001 to December 2003, with Frankie Muniz hosting. As part of a month-long tribute to Hal Roach Studios, Turner Classic Movies televised a 24-hour marathon of Roach Our Gang shorts - both sound films and silents – on January 4–5, 2011.[50] Some of the silent Our Gangs (such as Mary, Queen of Tots and Thundering Fleas) resurfaced on TCM at this time with new music scores in stereo sound; these silent Pathé Our Gangs are now being syndicated by Mackinaw Media. The MGM-produced Our Gang shorts, General Spanky, and the rights to the Our Gang name are owned by Warner Bros. Entertainment as part of the Turner Entertainment library. Turner Entertainment acquired these assets in 1986 when its founder, Ted Turner, purchased the pre-May 1986 MGM library; Turner merged with Time Warner in 1996.[51] The television rights for the MGM Our Gang shorts belong to Warner Bros. Television Distribution, and the video rights to Warner Home Video. The MGM Our Gangs today appear periodically on the Turner Classic Movies cable network, and are available for streaming via the subscription-based Warner Archive Instant streaming video service.[52] Our Gang cast and personnel For a detailed listing of the Our Gang child actors, recurring adult actors, directors, and writers, see Our Gang personnel. The following is a listing of the primary child actors in the Our Gang comedies. They are grouped by the era during which they joined the series. Roach silent period Ernie "Sunshine Sammy" Morrison (1922–1924) Mickey Daniels (1922–1926) Jackie Condon (1922–1929) Peggy Cartwright (1922) Allen "Farina" Hoskins (1922–1931) Jack Davis (1922–1923) Lassie Lou Ahern (1923–1924) Mary Kornman (1923–1926) Peggy Ahern (1923–1927) Joe Cobb (1923–1929) Andy Samuel (1923–1924) Eugene "Pineapple" Jackson (1924–1925) Johnny Downs (1925–1927) Jay R. Smith (1925–1929) Bobby "Bonedust" Young (1925–1931) Elmer "Scooter" Lowry (1926–1927) Jean Darling (1927–1929) Bobby "Wheezer" Hutchins (1927–1933) Harry Spear (1927–1929) Mary Ann Jackson (1928–1931) Pete the Pup (1929–1938) Roach sound period Norman "Chubby" Chaney (1929–1931) Jackie Cooper (1929–1931) Donald Haines (1929–1933) Dorothy DeBorba (1930–1933) Matthew "Stymie" Beard (1930–1935) Jerry Tucker (1931–1938) Kendall McComas (1932) Dickie Moore (1932–1933) George "Spanky" McFarland (1932–1942) Tommy Bond (1932–1934 as "Tommy," 1937–1940 as "Butch") Jackie Lynn Taylor (1934 as "Jane") Scotty Beckett (1934–1935) Billie "Buckwheat" Thomas (1934–1944) Carl "Alfalfa" Switzer (1935–1940) Darla Hood (1935–1941) Eugene "Porky" Lee (1935–1939) Darwood "Waldo" Kaye (1937–1940) MGM period Mickey Gubitosi (Robert Blake) (1939–1944) Janet Burston (1940–1944) Billy "Froggy" Laughlin (1940–1944) As of April 2018, living Our Gang actors included Betty Jane Beard, Laura June Williams, Paul Hilton, Mildred Kornman, Margaret Kerry, Robert Blake and Sidney Kibrick. Notable Our Gang comedies For a complete filmography, see Our Gang filmography. The following is a listing of selected Our Gang comedies, considered by Leonard Maltin and Richard W. Bann (in their book The Little Rascals: The Life and Times of Our Gang) to be among the best and most important in the series. 1923: The Champeen, Derby Day 1924: High Society 1925: Your Own Back Yard, One Wild Ride 1929: Small Talk, Lazy Days, Boxing Gloves, Cat, Dog & Co. 1930: The First Seven Years, Pups Is Pups, Bear Shooters, Teacher's Pet, School's Out 1931: Helping Grandma, Love Business, Little Daddy, Fly My Kite, Big Ears, Dogs Is Dogs 1932: Readin' and Writin', The Pooch, Hook And Ladder, Free Wheeling, Birthday Blues 1933: Fish Hooky,Forgotten Babies, The Kid From Borneo, Mush and Milk, Bedtime Worries 1934: Hi'-Neighbor!, For Pete's Sake!, The First Round-Up, Honky Donkey, Mama's Little Pirate 1935: Anniversary Trouble, Shrimps for a Day, Beginner's Luck, Little Papa, Our Gang Follies of 1936 1936: Divot Diggers, Bored of Education, General Spanky 1937: Reunion in Rhythm, Glove Taps, Hearts Are Thumps, Rushin' Ballet, Night 'n' Gales, Mail and Female, Our Gang Follies of 1938 1938: Three Men in a Tub, Hide and Shriek 1939: Alfalfa's Aunt, Cousin Wilbur 1940: Goin' Fishin', Waldo's Last Stand, Kiddie Kure 1942: Going to Press John Morey Downs, actor, dancer, singer: born New York City 10 October 1913; died Coronado, California 6 June 1994. JOHNNY DOWNS, the spry song-and-dance man, tapped his way from silent shorts to second- feature stardom in the 1930s. Although seldom if ever seen on British television, not noted for its attention towards the lower half of double-bill delights, Downs will be remembered with affection by those who frequented the circuit cinemas of a now bygone era. Born in Brooklyn in 1913, the son of Lt Morey Downs, US Navy, Johnny moved with his family to San Diego, California, when he was eight years old. Placed handily for Hollywood, Mrs Downs took her son to the Hal Roach Studio for an audition, and Johnny made his debut in a silent two-reel comedy starring Charley Chase. Roach had recently launched his most succesful silent series, Our Gang, and the nine-year-old Johnny found a slot in the series starting with The Champeen, released in January 1923. Alongside such regulars as 'Sunshine' Sammy Morrison and chubby Joe Cobb, Johnny met pretty Mary Kornman who remained a good friend for most of his life. Downs remained with Our Gang until Chicken Feed (1927), the 62nd episode. As with many of the Our Gang youngsters, Downs found himself unemployed at the age of 14. He concentrated on college for a while, forming a double act with Mary Kornman for campus and then vaudeville dates. Moving East he crashed Broadway, fondly remembering the time he spent with Jimmy Durante in the hit show Strike Me Pink. Downs was 20 when he returned to Hollywood to try films once again. It was his old boss Hal Roach who gave him a break with the small role of Little Boy Blue in the musical comedy Babes in Toyland (1934). This period pantomime starred Stan Laurel and Oliver Hardy as a pair of fairy-tale fellows who saved all our nursery rhyme favourites from the bad Bogeymen. Terrified Bunny Left Alone With Cat Who Does The Unexpected Fallbrook24/7 Gene Davis, SHOOTING STAR, 1979 $4,000 - 1stdibs.com Luxury Assisted Living Near Ann Arbor Has Seniors Packing Up Suitcases Assisted Living | Sponsored   by Taboola Sponsored Links  The mid-Thirties were the days of the 'college musical'. Big hits then, once again they are a genre of film scorned by British television, despite starring such top pop singers as Bing Crosby and leading comedians like Jack Oakie. Downs, lithe and likeable, soon found a niche in these 'teen operas', beginning with College Scandal (1935). The film was so successful that Paramount remade it in 1942 as Sweater Girl, the film which gave a war-torn world Betty Jane Rhodes and her No 1 hit 'I Don't Want To Walk Without You'. Downs followed on with College Holiday (1936) at Paramount, Pigskin Parade (1936) at Fox, and Turn Off the Moon (1937), back at Paramount, with Phil Harris and his Orchestra. Then came Hold That Co-Ed (1938) for Fox, followed by a string of low-budget musicals at Universal. First was Swing, Sister, Swing (1939), with Ted Weems and his Orchestra and a dance number called 'The Baltimore Bubble', intended as Hollywood's answer to 'The Lambeth Walk'. Eddie Quillan, a bright comedian, co- starred with Downs, and the pair were promptly cast in the next Universal clambake, Hawaiian Nights (1939). Downs then sang the title song in I Can't Give You Anything But Love, Baby (1940), 'baby' being the charming Peggy Moran. His co-star in Melody and Moonlight (1940), made at Republic, was Jane Frazee, cutest of the singing Frazee Sisters. Universal liked the couple and put them both into Moonlight and Hawaii (1941), which featured another offbeat dance speciality, 'The Aloha Lowdown'. A break in the chain of musicals came when PRC cast Downs as the hero in The Mad Monster (1942), in which an insane professor makes a werewolf out of his handyman. The film was produced by the prolific partnership of Sigmund Neufeld and Sam Newfield, and these five-day film-makers next cast Downs in a picture more to his taste, Harvest Melody (1943), in which he sang to Rosemary Lane accompanied by Eddie le Baron's Orchestra. What a Man (1944), for Monogram, more or less wound up Downs's song-and-dance career, and he was out of movies for 10 years. It was back to Broadway for roles in Are You With It?, Here Come the Girls and other such shows. Returning to Hollywood in 1953, he supported Billy Daniels and others of the new breed of pop star in Cruisin' Down the River, a Columbia musical based on the winner of the BBC's 'Write a tune for a Thousand Pounds' contest. After a few more small roles Johnny Downs turned to television, and found great local popularity hosting an afternoon children's series for his home town television station in San Diego. It was a job that lasted 17 years.



John Morey Downs (October 10, 1913 – June 6, 1994) was an American actor, singer, and dancer. He began his career as a child actor, most notably playing Johnny in the Our Gang short series from 1923 to 1926. He remained active in films, television, and theatre up through the early 1960s. Contents  1 Early life 2 Adult career 3 The Johnny Downs Show 4 Theater 5 Death 6 Partial filmography 7 Broadway credits 8 References 9 Bibliography 10 External links Early life Downs was born in New York City on October 10, 1913. His father was Lt. Morey Downs, a naval aviator with the U.S. Navy. When he was 8 years old the family moved to San Diego due to his father's transfer. Johnny's mother took him to Hollywood for an audition with the Hal Roach studio. He appeared in a silent film, then was cast as Johnny in the Our Gang series. He was a regular in the series from 1923 until 1927, appearing in 24 episodes. Adult career Outgrowing the Our Gang series at the age of 14, he and fellow Our Gang alumnus Mary Kornman performed on college campuses and the vaudeville circuit, where he polished his singing and dancing skills.[1] In 1934 he returned to Hollywood and landed a small part in the musical Babes in Toyland. He found his niche in the "college musical" movies of the late 1930s, starting with College Scandal (1935) and College Holiday (1936).[1] With his boy-next-door good looks, he was often cast as a team captain or a cheerleader. Other movie musicals followed, ending in 1944 with What a Man!. He had a notable cameo in the 1945 film Rhapsody in Blue where he danced to Robert Alda's piano playing of "Swanee". For the remainder of the 1940s and early 1950s he had a few bit parts in films, including Cruisin' Down the River. He spent most of his time on the stage in summer stock and Broadway, scoring a hit in Are You With It?. Altogether he has almost 100 movie credits to his name.[2] The Johnny Downs Show He settled in Coronado, California, near San Diego, where he sold real estate and became a respected amateur tennis player.[2] From 1953 to 1968 he hosted a local, after-school kids' television show, The Johnny Downs Show, on Channel 10 (call letters KFSD until 1961; subsequently KOGO).[3] The theme started out as an airport hangar with Downs playing a former World War II pilot, "Johnny Jet". In between reruns of The Little Rascals, Downs entertained and informed his studio audiences and his viewers. After that, it was trains, and he could be seen getting off or on a locomotive at the start and end of a show. As the show changed to feature more Popeye cartoons, his theme changed from being a train engineer to being a boat captain at the San Diego harbor. Since one of the show's frequent sponsors was a local dairy (Golden Arrow Dairy), Downs was regularly featured as a superimposed miniature dancer on top of an old-style milk bottle. Children were welcome to come to the KOGO studio and watch the program being broadcast. When each show concluded, Downs would wave to the viewing room and the visitors would go into the studio. He would let kids put on his coat and cap and mimic his opening "Howdy, howdy, howdy! Good to see ya! Good to see ya!" There was briefly a morning show where he invited students to come and compete in math quizzes. During this time he also appeared as the Tin Woodsman in the San Diego Starlight Opera production of "The Wizard Of Oz. Theater According to Carleton Carpenter's autobiography, Downs worked as a choreographer in the theater in the late 1950s on a production called Lock Up Your Daughters. He "did our dances, and they were really foolish. It wasn't choreography; I don't know what it was. I do know it wasn't good, and it became a great source of amusement for all the company-- behind Johnny's back, of course, but we were about a subtle as a bus wreck. It bonded the cast completely together." Death Downs died of cancer on June 6, 1994 in Coronado, California. He is interred in the Holy Cross Cemetery in San Diego. Downs and wife June had five children: Mary, Claudia, John Jr., Mollie and Maureen.[4] Partial filmography Circus Fever (1925) Dog Days (1925) The Love Bug (1925) Ask Grandma (1925) Thundering Fleas (1926) 45 Minutes from Hollywood (1926) Seeing the World (1927) Jesse James (1927) Chicken Feed (1927) The Crowd (1928) The Trail of '98 (1928) Babes in Toyland (1934) College Scandal (1935) College Holiday (1936) Pigskin Parade (1936) Blonde Trouble (1937) Turn Off the Moon (1937) Honeymoon for Three (1941) Adam Had Four Sons (1941) as David Stoddard (older) Moonlight in Hawaii (1941) All-American Co-Ed (1941) The Mad Monster (1942) Comes Home (1942) Adventures of the Flying Cadets (1943) Campus Rhythm (1943) What a Man! (1944) Forever Yours (1945) Broadway credits Hold It! (1948) Are You With It? (1945–1946) Ragged Army (1934) Growing Pains (1933) Strike Me Pink (1933)




Thomas Ross Bond (September 16, 1926 – September 24, 2005) was an American actor, director, producer and writer. He was best known for his work as a child actor for two nonconsecutive periods on Our Gang (Little Rascals) comedies (first as "Tommy" and later as "Butch"). Also, he is noted for being the first actor to appear onscreen as "Superman's pal" Jimmy Olsen, having portrayed the character in the film serials Superman (1948) and Atom Man vs. Superman (1950). Contents 1 Biography 1.1 Early years and Our Gang 1.2 Later years 2 Death 3 Filmography 4 References 5 Books 6 Further reading 7 External links Biography Early years and Our Gang Born in Dallas, Texas, Bond got his start in 1931 at the age of 5 when a talent scout for Hal Roach studios approached him as he was leaving a Dallas cinema.[1] Bond was hired at Hal Roach Studios for the Our Gang series in the summer of 1931 to begin work that upcoming fall, at around the same time as George "Spanky" McFarland was hired. Bond worked in Our Gang for two years, alternately appearing as a supporting character and a background actor. His speaking roles increased by 1934, including his most substantive role to this point as the gang's band conductor in Mike Fright. In late 1934, Bond left the series and returned to public school, still earning periodic bit parts in Hollywood productions. After leaving the gang for the first time, Bond also worked as a voice actor, most notably in several of Tex Avery's Merrie Melodies cartoons for Warner Bros. His best known voice role was as the speaking voice of "Owl Jolson" in Tex Avery's 1936 Merrie Melodies cartoon, I Love to Singa. Bond returned to Our Gang on a recurring basis late in 1936, when Roach hired him to play "Butch", the neighborhood bully. In one short, his mother called him "Tommy", apparently indicating that "Butch" was a nickname. Bond's first short as Butch was Glove Taps. Besides filling the role of the archetypal Our Gang bully, the Butch character also regularly competed with meek Alfalfa (Carl Switzer) for the affections of his sweetheart Darla (Darla Hood). While in Our Gang, Bond appeared in a number of outside films, such as those featuring fellow Hal Roach Studios comedians Charley Chase and Laurel and Hardy. As Butch, Bond remained with Our Gang an additional three years, staying with the series when it moved to Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer in 1938. His final Our Gang short, Bubbling Troubles, was released in 1940; Bond continued to work in other MGM productions following his departure from Our Gang. In total, Bond appeared in 27 Our Gang shorts – 13 as "Tommy" and 14 as "Butch". Later years After serving in the U.S. Navy during World War II, Bond returned to acting, and appeared in two Gas House Kids features alongside former on-screen rival Carl Switzer. In the late 1940s, Bond became the first actor to portray cub reporter Jimmy Olsen in two Superman film serials: Superman (1948) and Atom Man vs. Superman (1950).[1] He also appeared as Joey Pepper in several installments of the Five Little Peppers serial. In 1951, Bond graduated from college and quit acting, but remained in show business in the areas of television directing and production, and worked with individuals such as Norman Lear, George Schlatter, and many others. He worked at KTTV in Los Angeles from the 1950s to the early 1970s. He then went to work for KFSN in Fresno from the early 1970s to 1991. Bond also worked as a production manager on Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In. During the 1960s, Bond was an active member of Emmanuel Lutheran Church in North Hollywood where a number of his Hollywood friends and colleagues attended. Together, they were instrumental in the production and presentation of the annual Christmas Pageant presented on the grounds of Emmanuel's school Laurel Hall. The production, which involved a cast of several hundred, a chariot and horses, numerous other animals and professional Hollywood sets and lighting, was presented each year during the Christmas season for several weeks leading up to Christmas. Grandstand style bleachers were installed that seated about 1000 guests. Highlights of the pageant included a horse-driven chariot and Roman soldiers on horseback riding through the gates of Bethlehem to proclaim the census requiring Jews to register in their hometowns. Bond was instrumental in arranging for the production to be filmed and aired on Metromedia owned Channel 11, KTTV in about 1965. Bond retired from television in 1991. In his latter years he lived in the Fresno and Madera Ranchos area, and served as a spokesman for a number of Our Gang-related materials. Bond published his autobiography, Darn Right It's Butch: Memories of Our Gang/The Little Rascals, with the help of Fresno teacher, film historian and co-author Ron Genini, in 1994. Tommy's son, Thomas R. Bond II "Butch, Jr.", who is a film and television producer, worked with his father in their family production company, Biograph Company. The senior Bond also hosted The Rascals, a documentary on the life and times of the Little Rascals. Throughout his lifetime, Bond appeared in 73 films, was a charter member of the Screen Actors Guild, joining in 1937, and worked with many Hollywood stars in the years of 1933 to 1951, including James Stewart, Eleanor Powell, Ray Bolger, Frank Morgan, and Eddie Cantor among many others. In 2004, a monument was dedicated at Hollywood and Vine commemorating the first movie made in Hollywood, made by the precursor to Bond's company, American Mutoscope and Biograph Company. Less than a year later, the 2.8 ton monument was stolen in April 2005. It was recovered a year and damaged later in a nearby alley.[citation needed] Death Bond died on September 24, 2005,[1] at age 79 due to complications from heart disease in Northridge, California. He is buried at U.S. Veterans Riverside National Cemetery in Riverside, California. Filmography Year Title Role Notes 1934 Kid Millions Little Boy in Ice Cream Number Uncredited 1935 The Marriage Bargain Jimmy Sparks 1935 The Calling of Dan Matthews Tommy Uncredited 1936 Next Time We Love Pesky Kid Uncredited 1936 The Return of Jimmy Valentine Listener Uncredited 1936 Silly Billies Student Uncredited 1936 Counterfeit Dicky Uncredited 1936 Libeled Lady Waif Uncredited 1937 Champagne Waltz Otto, Singing Student Uncredited 1937 Married Before Breakfast Baglipp's Kid Uncredited 1937 Hideaway Oscar Peterson 1937 Rosalie Mickey Uncredited 1938 City Streets Tommy Francis Devlin 1938 Block-Heads Neighbor's Son Uncredited 1939 Five Little Peppers and How They Grew Joey Pepper 1940 Five Little Peppers at Home 1940 Out West with the Peppers 1940 Five Little Peppers in Trouble 1940 A Little Bit of Heaven Jerry 1941 Adventure in Washington Peewee Haynes 1941 New York Town Willie Uncredited 1943 This Land Is Mine Pug-nosed School Bully Uncredited 1944 Man from Frisco Russ Kennedy 1945 Twice Blessed Horace 1945 The Beautiful Cheat Jimmy 1947 Gas House Kids Go West Chimp 1947 Gas House Kids in Hollywood 1948 Big Town Scandal Waldo 'Dum Dum' Riggs 1948 Superman Jimmy Olsen Serial 1949 The Lucky Stiff Newsboy Uncredited 1949 Any Number Can Play Mike Uncredited 1949 Intruder in the Dust Minor Role Uncredited 1949 Tokyo Joe Fingerprint Sergeant Uncredited 1949 Battleground Runner Uncredited 1950 Atom Man vs. Superman Jimmy Olsen Serial 1950 Hot Rod Jack Blodgett 1951 Call Me Mister Little Soldier Uncredited 1951 Bedtime for Bonzo Student Reading Newspaper Uncredited 1971 The Love Machine Stagehand Uncredited 2004 Bob's Night Out Crazy Neighbor (final film role) George McFarland (October 2, 1928 – June 30, 1993) was an American actor most famous for his appearances as a child as Spanky in the Our Gang series of short-subject comedies of the 1930s and 1940s. The Our Gang shorts were later syndicated to television as The Little Rascals. Contents 1 Early life 2 Career 2.1 Our Gang 2.2 Later years 3 Death 4 Namesake 5 Filmography 6 References 7 Further reading 8 External links Early life McFarland was born in Dallas, Texas, on October 2, 1928, to Virginia Winifred (née Phillips) and Robert Emmett McFarland.[6][7] He had three siblings: Thomas ("Tommy", who appeared in a few Our Gang episodes as "Dynamite"), Amanda, and Roderick ("Rod"). He attended Lancaster High School in Lancaster, Texas. Before joining the Our Gang comedies, "Sonny", as he was called by his family, modeled children's clothing for a Dallas department store and was also seen around the Dallas area on highway billboards and in print advertisements for Wonder Bread. This established Sonny early on in the local public's eye as an adorable child model and provided experience before cameras. Career Our Gang In January 1931, in response to a trade magazine advertisement from Hal Roach Studios in Culver City, California, requesting photographs of "cute kids", Spanky's Aunt Dottie (Virginia's sister) sent pictures from Sonny's portfolio. An invitation for a screen test arrived that spring, leading to his acting career.[8] Portions of Spanky's screen test are included in a 1932 Our Gang entry, Spanky. The nickname "Spanky" is erroneously said to have arisen from warnings by his mother not to misbehave during one of the initial discussions with Hal Roach in his office. McFarland contradicted the tale, saying that the name was given by a Los Angeles newspaper reporter. The term "a spanky child" was late-19th- to early-20th-century slang for an intelligent, gifted toddler. Spanky was an example of such a child in his earliest movies—a toddler who could act—so the name had meaning to the movie-going audience of that era that was lost for later generations. Use of the "Spanky" name by McFarland for subsequent business or personal activities was expressly granted to McFarland in one of his studio contracts. In later years some family members would affectionately refer to him as "Spank".[8] Upon being discovered at age three, he instantly became a key member of the Our Gang children's comedy movie series and one of Hollywood's stars. His earliest films show him as an outspoken toddler, grumpily going along with the rest of the gang. His scene-stealing abilities brought him more attention, and by 1935 he was the de facto leader of the gang, often paired with Carl "Alfalfa" Switzer, and always the enterprising "idea man".[8] Switzer's character became as much of a scene-stealer as the young McFarland was, and the two boys' fathers fought constantly over screen time and star billing for their children.[9] Spanky McFarland's only starring feature-film role was in the 1936 Hal Roach film General Spanky, an unsuccessful attempt to move the Our Gang series into features. He also appeared as a juvenile performer in many non-Roach feature films, including the Wheeler & Woolsey comedy Kentucky Kernels and two Fritz Lang features of the 1940s. Following the 1938 Our Gang short Came the Brawn, McFarland "retired" from Our Gang, beginning a personal appearance tour.[10] In mid-1938, Hal Roach sold the Our Gang unit to Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, who began casting for a new "team leader" character in Spanky's vein and ended up rehiring McFarland himself. He remained in the MGM Our Gang productions until his final appearance in the series Unexpected Riches in 1942, at age fourteen.[8] Later years In 1952, at age 24, McFarland joined the United States Air Force. Upon his return to civilian life, indelibly typecast in the public's mind as "Spanky" from Our Gang, he found himself unable to find work in show business. He took less glamorous jobs, including work at a soft drink plant, a hamburger stand, and a popsicle factory. In the mid-1950s, when the Our Gang comedies were sweeping the nation on TV, McFarland hosted an afternoon children's show, The Spanky Show, on KOTV television in Tulsa, Oklahoma. The show included a studio audience and appearances by other celebrities such as James Arness, and it ran Little Rascals shorts.[8] Station executives prevented McFarland from developing and expanding the show's format, and by 1960 McFarland had quit the show.[citation needed] After that stint, he continued at odd jobs: selling wine, operating a restaurant and night club, and selling appliances, electronics, and furniture. He was selling for Philco-Ford Corporation, where he advanced to national sales training director. During this time, McFarland continued to make personal appearances and cameo roles in films and television, including an appearance on The Mike Douglas Show with Darla Hood and William "Buckwheat" Thomas. As general manager, McFarland helped launch the classic movie channel The Nostalgia Channel in 1985.[11] During the 1990s, after his self-described "semi-retirement", Spanky lent his name and celebrity to help raise money for charities, primarily by participating in golf tournaments. Spanky also had his own namesake charity golf classic for 16 years, held in Marion, Indiana.[8] He also traveled the country doing speaking engagements and lectures about his movie roles and his days on The Little Rascals. His final television performance was in 1993, playing himself in the cold open of the Cheers episode "Woody Gets An Election".[12] In January 1994, McFarland posthumously joined fellow alumnus Jackie Cooper to become one of only two Our Gang members to receive a star on Hollywood's Walk of Fame. Death McFarland was in his bedroom in Keller, Texas, getting dressed on June 30, 1993, when he suddenly collapsed. Paramedics tried to revive him for approximately 30 minutes before transporting him to Baylor University Medical Center in Grapevine, Texas. He was pronounced dead within 40 minutes of being admitted, at age 64. It was believed that McFarland had died of "a heart attack or an aneurysm"; his remains were cremated shortly thereafter.[13] A cenotaph for McFarland to be placed at the Texas State Cemetery in Austin, Texas, has been approved, but according to the cemetery's website, has yet to be installed.[14] Namesake Sixties folk-rock group Spanky and Our Gang named themselves after McFarland's character because singer Elaine "Spanky" McFarlane's last name was similar to his. However, this is disputed by biographer Bruce Eder, who has said her fellow musician Arnie Lanza gave her the nickname "Spanky," based on what he saw as her resemblance to George McFarland who played "Spanky" in the Our Gang comedies.[15] In 1990, McFarland filed a $100,000.00 lawsuit against a bar owner in Saint Paul, Minnesota. McFarland claimed that "Spanky's" bar on East 7th Street used his name and face for thirteen years without permission. The lawsuit also called for McFarland to receive all of the internal merchandise and equipment featuring his likeness. The case was eventually settled, and the owner changed the name to Checker's Bar. [16] Filmography McFarland appeared as "Spanky" in 95 Our Gang films between 1932 and 1942. He also appeared in: The Famous Ferguson Case (1932) as newsboy One Track Minds (1933, Short) as Spanky (uncredited) Day of Reckoning (1933) as Johnny Day Miss Fane's Baby Is Stolen (1934) as Johnny Prentiss The Cracked Iceman (1934, Short) as boy who says 'Just skip it' Kentucky Kernels (1934) as Spanky Here Comes the Band (1935) as Spanky Lowry O'Shaughnessy's Boy (1935) as Joseph "Stubby" O'Shaughnessy (as a child) The Trail of the Lonesome Pine (1936) as Buddie Tolliver General Spanky (1936) as Spanfield George 'Spanky' Leonard Peck's Bad Boy with the Circus (1938) as Pee Wee Johnny Doughboy (1942) as Spanky I Escaped from the Gestapo (1943) as Billy Seeing Hands (1943, Short) as the boy leading the initiation (uncredited) Cowboy and the Senorita (1944) as the kid who trips Teddy Bear (uncredited) The Woman in the Window (1944) as the boy scout who finds Mazard's body (uncredited) Spanky's Clubhouse (1950) as host The George Gobel Show (1955) as self[17][18] The Aurora Encounter (1986) as the governor King B: A Life in the Movies (1993) as himself Cheers (1993, Episode: "Woody Gets an Election") as himself (final appearance)
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