Demetech Calscan DXL BMD Heel Bone Densitometer Osteoporosis Portable Xray Laser
In good condition and in full working order
Supplied new in 2013
Included:-
1 x Demetech Calscan DXL BMD Heel Bone Densitometer Osteoporosis Portable Xray Laser
1 x Calscan DXL Padded storage and transport trolley
1 x Fujitsu Lifebook S710 Core i5-540M 2.53GHz, 4GB, 160GB 14" Windows 7 Laptop preloaded with DXL Calscan workstation software Version 1.4.5345.29335
1 x USB drive with DXL Calscan workstation software Version 1.4.5345.29335
1 x User Phantom calibration unit PN 031410-04
1 x USB lead
1 x Power cable
1 x User manual
DXL Calscan - new bone densitometer that provides reliable early diagnosis of osteoporosis. DXL Calscan designed and made in Sweden. Patented worldwide DXL technology uses simultaneously measuring two-level X-rays and determining the measured area with a laser. As a result of lean and fatty tissue did not affect the determination of the value of mineral density that enables measurements with an unprecedented level of accuracy.
DXL Calscan - technical data
Measurement time | less than one minute |
Accuracy * | More than 98% in vivo (SEE <2%) |
Precision ** | Less than 1.2 in vivo, and at least 0.5 in vitro |
Effective dose | Less than 0.2 M Sv |
Calibration | Automatic calibration before each measurement of the internal phantom |
Site selection scan | Automatic recognition of the same portion of each scan (AutoRoi) |
Dimensions | 790h420h320 mm |
Weight | Less than 25 kg |
El. Nutrition | 100-240 V (AC) 50/60 Hz, 10A, 50 W |
Computer Requirements | Not below Pentium 200 MHz, 32 Mb RAM 800x600 SVGA |
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* Accuracy - the accuracy of the method (reliability / accuracy of diagnosis)
** Precision - the measurement error / variation of repeated measurements.
The method used to diagnose and monitor treatment of osteoporosis using bone mineral density (BMD) to determine the state of the bones as an intermediate marker for predicting fracture risk. It is important to measure BMD were significant, i.e. We had both high accuracy and low error to ensure accurate diagnosis.
Accuracy and Repeatability
Low precision Low reproducibility
Low accuracy Low accuracy | High precision High reproducibility
Low accuracy Low accuracy | High precision High reproducibility
High accuracy High precision |
Unfortunately, there is a general misunderstanding or misuse of terminology in the interpretation of the two English terms accuracy and Precision . Accuracy - the accuracy of this method, ie, as far as the resulting value measurement reflects reality. Precision - is the error of the method.
High accuracy mineral density is required for the correct individual diagnosis. If the accuracy of less than 96%, it is difficult to determine from healthy patients having osteoporosis.
Do not confuse the accuracy of the measurement precision of measurement (ie, reproducibility, repeatability) of the study. Under precision understand the stability of the results of measurements for the same patient in repeated surveys. Precision for DXL CALSCAN does not exceed 1% in vivo. This factor is very important for the analysis of the course of treatment, while Accuracy determines the quality of diagnosis. High accuracy of the method allows to identify the disease in its early stages, and early treatment.
To eliminate the influence of the content of lean and fat-containing tissue in determining BMD should be measured three different parameters. DXL technology has been developed as the implementation of this provision. The laser complements the measurements determine the thickness of the object. Since the total thickness of the object has a bone mineral, lean and fatty tissue, measurements at different energies have been supplemented by a laser to determine the IPC with the greatest accuracy.
How to reduce measurement error using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, plus Laser ( DXL)
The heel is made up of three main components: bone mineral, lean and fat tissues (fat and yellow marrow). Different tissues have their own characteristic properties of X-ray absorption. So much for the fat-tissue mass absorption coefficient is 0.197 cm 2 / g, and lean tissues (skin, blood, water, muscle tissue) have a coefficient equal to 0.203 - 0.205 cm 2 / g at 60 keV 3) .
When using DXA systems, it is assumed that there is a constant ratio between the amounts of lean and fat-containing tissues. This simplification leads to measurement errors both in accuracy and in error. Moreover, it is assumed that all of the heel have the same thickness or the same fat content.
When the heel DXL technology is scanned with X-ray energy 35keV and 68keV. Simultaneously, the exact thickness of the heel is determined by the laser. Proper bone density in each measurement point is calculated from the following equations:
N 1 = N 01 * exp (-v B1 T * b * σ b - v S1 * T S * σ S - v F1 T * F * σ F ),
N 2 = N 02 * exp (-v B2 T * b * σ b - v S2 T * S * σ S - v F2 T * F * σ F ),
where
N 1 , N 2 - the number of gamma rays for the sensor after passing through the test site
N 01 , N 02 - the number of gamma rays recorded by the sensors during the passage through the inner phantom.
T b , T S , T F - bone thickness (b), lean tissue (s) and fatty tissue (f), respectively,
v B1 , v S1 , v F1 - corresponding absorption of X-rays at an energy radiation 35keV.
v B2 , v S2 , v F2 - corresponding absorption of X-rays at an energy radiation 68keV.
σ b , σ S , σ F - appropriate density.
T b * σ b - unknown density you want to determine.
T = T b + T S + T F
DXL Calscan defines the IPC with an error 1.2% in vivo and 0.5% in vitro.
This can add DXL Calscan measurement accuracy more than 98% (SEE <2%) 4)
DXL - is the measurement of the optimal site and an ideal calibration
Repeated measurements DXL Calscan provides a standard deviation of less than 1.2% in vivo (0.5% in vitro). This level of accuracy makes it possible to determine the minimal changes of the IPC.
Automatic selection of the scan area ( AutoROI - Automatic Region of Interest) - an additional means of ensuring the stability of measurements. DXL Calscan automatically selects the optimum site for scanning, making the result of the measurement is independent of the operator. When repeated, subsequent measurements AutoROI identifies the same site, thereby ensuring accuracy, the minimum error and comparability of results. Mathematical software supports monitoring of drug therapy. During the therapy, each survey is easy to read on a chart on the screen of a computer monitor.
Internal calibration.
DXL Calscan automatically calibrated before each new patient Inland phantom.
Normal climate fluctuations, changes in air temperature, as well as mechanical deviations caused during transport or permutation scanner automatically compensated calibration. DXL Calscan always configured to receive the results of maximum accuracy and minimum error, which ensures the accuracy of the diagnosis.
Detector apparatus DXL CALSCAN 128 includes elements that capture X-rays simultaneously. This allows for a high resolution image and reduce the time to complete the survey for 35 seconds. One of the main achievements of the company is no need to fix the heel in a fixed "standard" position.
DXL CALSCAN an integral measuring system, display, recording and storage of information. Particular attention is given to the interface between the patient and the doctor.The survey is very fast, it takes less than 35 seconds and does not require any prior preparation, and the patient does not need to undress.
Exposure dose
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